The James H. Taylor, Jr. Collection relates to the United States (U.S.) Army Air Forces (AAF), 498th Bombardment Group and its missions during World War II, likely collected by Taylor. The collection contains maps, military records, a total of ninety-one (91) black-and-white photographs and four (4) negatives, and a small amount of ephemera.

The bulk of the collection is comprised of several folders of materials related to various missions flown by the 498th Bombardment Group during World War II. Materials include military records, flight logs, sequential radar photographs taken during missions, and forty-three (43) maps and charts, many of which are annotated with targets. Locations include Guam, Korea, Caroline Islands, New York (State), and assorted locations in Japan. Please note that many of the textual elements are photocopied documents, although original documents are present.

Additionally, there are sixty-six (66) black-and-white photographs and four (4) negatives of Boeing B-29 Superfortress' in flight and on the ground, and several images depict the various nicknames of several planes, including "Sleepy Time Gal," "Shoot You're Faded!," "Witchita Witch,", and "Forbidden Fruit." Some military personnel, likely various members of the 498th Bombardment Group, are also featured in small amount of snapshots, although there are no captions to provide identification.

Also included in this collection are two pieces of ephemera; an undated typed 49-page manuscript [possibly for a book chapter?] about the history of the Boeing B-29 (serial number 44-69729), also known as T-Square 54. There is also a June 2000 newsletter, "Pterogram" from the Ancient Order of the Pterodactyl (U.S. Coast Guard Aviation Association) addressed to Jay Taylor.

At the end of the collection is 21-page presentation, Boeing B029's Superfortress: The Ultimate Expression of Air Power prepared and presented on September 24, 2013 by John Little, Assistant Curator, The Museum of Flight. This presentation was not part of the original donation but has been kept with this collection as the materials were used researching the presentation.