Vietnam War, 1961-1975
Subject
Subject Source: Library Of Congress Subject Headings
Scope Note: The Vietnam War between North Vietnam and South Vietnam lasted from approximately 1955 until 1975 and was fought with the goal of reunification. The North Vietnamese were aided financially and militarily by China and the Soviet Union, while South Vietnam was backed by the United States.Regular U.S. deployments began after the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin incident. However, U.S. involvement peaked in 1968 following the Tet Offensive, which was an attempt by North Vietnam forces to execute surprise attacks on military and civilian command and control centers throughout South Vietnam. The Tet Offensive triggered the decline of support from the U.S. public, eventually dovetailing into the anti-Vietnam War movement. In May 1968, peace talks began between the United States and North Vietnam in Paris, France.
Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began in 1973 as part of "Vietnamization," a policy of President Richard Nixon's that sought to end American involvement by providing equipment and training to the South Vietnamese with the goal of transferring fighting solely to their forces. Additionally, President Nixon suspended military offensives against North Vietnam and on January 15, 1973, direct U.S. involvement ended.
Despite all parties signing the Paris Peace Accords, fighting continued between North and South Vietnam but South Vietnam was not able to sustain its defense against North Vietnam. The Vietnam War ended in April 1975 when the North Vietnamese Army captured Saigon, the capital city of South Vietnam. The countries reunified the following year.
Source and Further Reading:
Stanley Karnow, Vietnam: a history, New York: Viking Press, 1983.
Found in 7 Collections and/or Records:
Farmer, Jim -- oral history interview, 2017 October 26
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Interview Summary
Vietnam War veteran James “Jim” Farmer is interviewed about his military service as a Boeing B-52 Stratofortress pilot. He discusses his wartime experiences in Southeast Asia, including his participation in Operations Linebacker I and Linebacker II, and shares other highlights from his U.S. Air Force service. He also discusses his involvement with The Museum of Flight and his work on Project Welcome Home, the Museum’s campaign to construct a memorial park paying tribute to Vietnam War veterans.
Hallman, David -- oral history interview, 2017 August 28
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Interview Summary
Vietnam War veteran David Hallman is interviewed about his U.S. Air Force service as a Boeing B-52 Stratofortress crew member. He discusses his wartime experiences as B-52 navigator in Southeast Asia and his bombing missions to North and South Vietnam in 1972 and 1973. He also provides an overview of his later assignments as a radar navigator, including his time stationed on nuclear alert at Ellsworth Air Force Base (South Dakota). Topics discussed include his training and service history, his...
Part 1, 2017 June 08
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Interview Summary
In this two-part oral history, Vietnam War veteran Jerry Coy is interviewed about his 40-year career in military and commercial aviation. In part one, he discusses his service in the United States Air Force from the 1960s to the 1980s. He describes his experiences as a forward air controller and McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II pilot during the Vietnam War and discusses his other assignments in the United States and abroad. Topics discussed include his personal background, his combat tours in...
Platt, James H. -- oral history interview, 2018 May 04
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Interview Summary
Vietnam War veteran James H. Platt is interviewed about his decade-spanning career with the United States Air Force. He discusses his training and experiences as a military pilot, including his wartime service in Southeast Asia piloting Sikorsky HH-3E helicopters, known as Jolly Green Giants, during air rescue missions. He also describes other notable assignments from his career, such as his support flights at the Eastern Test Range (Florida), his time as a Boeing B-52 Stratofortress commander,...
Scott, Donald L. -- oral history interview, 2018 March 08
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Interview Summary
Vietnam War veteran Donald L. Scott is interviewed about his 27-year career with the United States Air Force. He discusses his training and experiences as a military pilot and shares details about his combat tours in Southeast Asia, where he flew the Republic F-105 Thunderchief. He also discusses other notable assignments from his service, such as standing nuclear alert in Okinawa and at various overseas air bases, test flying the F-105 at Nellis Air Force Base (Nevada), developing flight and...
Shul, Brian -- oral history interview, 2017 August 06
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Interview Summary
Vietnam War veteran Brian Shul is interviewed about his 20-year career with the United States Air Force. He discusses his training and experiences as a military pilot and shares details about his various aircraft assignments, including the North American T-28, the Vought A-7 Corsair II, the Fairchild A-10 Thunderbolt II, and the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird. He also discusses the extensive burn injuries he sustained during his service in Southeast Asia, his long recovery, and his drive to return to...
Wellman, Dave C. -- oral history interview, 2018 May 18
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Interview Summary
Vietnam War veteran David C. “Dave” Wellman is interviewed about his military service and engineering career. He discusses his experiences as a bomber pilot with the United States Air Force and describes his combat tours in Vietnam flying the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress. He then discusses his post-military career with the Boeing Company and his work on various armament integration programs, such as the SRAM (short-range attack missile) and ALCM (air-launched cruise missile). The interview...